0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Fikayo Olowolagba. In the first case, before the state of emergency was declared on 24 March and a lockdown of parts of the capital city-province Kinshasa was imposed, President Felix Tshisekedi had announced, on 18 March, measures to restrict the movement of people, including banning public gatherings, closing schools, restricting travel and closing public . The renowned Security expert said that for the Government to tackle insecurity, a key starting point should be to understand the causes of insecurity as well as to investigate their sources of social disorder and instability. Usually, the brakes come on at the last second before contact is made with the incoming object. The last is when the president receives a request to declare a state of emergency from a state governor. Also, this avenue was used to pay tributes to the late Chairman of Protection plus Services limited and Director of the Nigeria South Africa Chamber of Commerce, Dr. Ubong King. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Nigeria's problems in the education sector have made it hard for the system to churn out market-ready graduates. Without a reliable road system, business suffers. The burgeoning population has resulted in a slew of new issues, including environmental deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities. The FCT Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has responded to several emergencies within the It is argued that except our values are right, we cannot get it right as a nation in all of the areas that we have itemized, and except we get it right in those areas, the people will continue to suffer deprivation and injustice which will cause dissatisfaction and disaffection and consequently create an insecure environment. Thus, in the absence of any real threats to security, expenditures on security can be reduced significantly, allowing national and local governments to channel more resources to other public goods to improve the quality of life of the people. The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta is a good example (MEND). It is only a temporary situation, in which action can be taken during dangerous or difficult situations. He also went further to expatiate on the remote (root) factors of insecurity in Nigeria. Social Media Anxiety Disorder is another disadvantage of social media. In many countries, the executive arm of the government declares a state of emergency. 13/05/2020. I. The government officials tasked with combating corruption are unconcerned about what is expected of them. When these situations exist, the crime rate is bound to rise and the security of lives and properties cannot be guaranteed. Failure of successive administrations in Nigeria to address challenges of poverty, unemployment, and inequitable distribution of wealth among ethnic nationalities is one of the major causes of insecurity in the country. He identified ethnoreligious conflict as a major source of insecurity in Nigeria. Nigerias environmental and health standards are deplorable. The government should put in place policies that have already been developed, such as a gender policy that aspires to achieve gender equality. Nigeria is estimated to host over 70 percent of about 8 million illegal weapons in West Africa. The countrys annual profits have decreased, significantly impacting the countrys population. Due to the economic recession, there has been a high rate of unemployment; no jobs are available for the youths; 24 percent of Nigerians are unemployed; now, lets move on to the youths; there is no rating I can give you for that because there are so many jobless youths on the street; however, based on some facts, I can estimate that 8% of youths under the age of 24 are unemployed. The state of insecurity in the country besides the issue of lack of regular electricity supply, which itself is a source of economic insecurity in the country is repelling investors. Nigeria is currently experiencing this situation in many parts of the country especially in the terrorist fields of the northern part of Nigeria. The immediate factors which caused Nigerias insecurity situation are inexhaustible. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE BUILDING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. _En ] ppt/_rels/presentation.xml.rels ( N0&)ef`6d&FpDhImF'..| ahJWRMBHeV"&/ "4&W'tY:UIiL{KNKhKpc-Ox4 This is antithetical to the democratic culture which nigeria has practiced successfully and . Mr question is that, all this solution youve have written down, have once ever secretly or openly impacted at least one of it to solve one part of the problems? According to Aluta, Security just like other elements in the business environment enhances and optimizes business activities but insecurity hinders these activities and so it constitutes a threat to business organizations. They apply for jobs, but owing to a lack of credentials, they are not hired. In the constitutional history of Nigeria, declarations of a state of emergency have always been premised on public order, safety and security concerns. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Border settlement inside the country is still a work in progress. It is the bane of our society. Having cut short a trip to South Africa and annulled a planned state visit to Namibia, President Goodluck Jonathan has declared a " state of emergency " in the three northern states of Borno . the Government of Nigeria declared a state of emergency with the imposition of curfews. In the first quarter of 2016, it fell by -13.98 percent. Those caught up in the conflict have experienced brutal violence, lost family, friends and homes, lived with acute and sustained levels of stress in poor conditions, seen their communities torn apart and had little or no access to life-saving services such as health and education. 1~LaRS\&i1PPABwcg6GMH\(>hN{K(wx{ PK ! The argument here is that Nigeria has the resources to provide for the needs of its people, but corruption in public offices at all levels has made it impossible for officeholders to focus on the provision of basic needs for the people Nigerian situation as a Paradox of Plenty. Power abuse may be found in practically every branch of the federal government. In addition to the usual crimes, the coordinated attacks from the Boko Haram sect in the northern part of the country, besides making life miserable for Nigerians, have affected so many businesses operating in that region. Emergency Maintenance (EM) is an immediate action that is needed to be taken whenever any unexpected failure of asset occurs or assets get broken down. In Nigeria, the variables range from theft to organized armed robbery, kidnapping and demand for ransom, assassination, repeated invasion and blockading of business installations, social injustice, unemployment, lack of access to livelihood resources, the rising cost of living, and bombing, pipelines destruction. I admit that things are bad but not as bad as we are made to believe here! A State of Emergency, according to state law, can be declared during a situation or imminent threat of widespread or severe damage, injury or loss of life or property, resulting from a natural or man-made cause. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The judiciary ought to have, at this stage in our development, evolved time scales for cases. The foundations of the institutional framework in Nigeria are very shaky and have provoked deterioration of state governance and democratic accountability, thus, paralyzing the existing set of constraints including the formal and legitimate rules nested in the hierarchy of social order. Lastly, a state of emergency can be abused unless both the legislature and judiciary can assert their independence in practice, and rule of law is made the cardinal principle of governance. ppt/slides/_rels/slide12.xml.rels . The porosity of Nigerias borders has serious security implications for the country. A situation that often results in the reactions of the public to the excesses of the military regimes which governed Nigeria and has continued after the end of military regimes and created a sensitivity by those in government at public intrusion in matters of state. The state of insecurity in Nigeria is greatly a function of government failure or can be linked to government failure. Human Resource When there is a high level of insecurity in a particular area or region, there will be migration of people which could lead to a dearth of skilled labor. Recommended: Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. ppt/slides/_rels/slide14.xml.rels This definition reflects physical insecurity which is the most visible form of insecurity, and it feeds into many other forms of insecurity such as economic security and social security. Nigeria - a multiethnic nation of more than 160 million people - is also affected by a spate of conflicts over land, religion and oil. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide2.xml.rels Recommended: Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society. Nigeria reported the country's . There are over 3 million people internally displaced in Nigeria, forced to flee in their homes in the North-East by insurgency and conflict. :c7HN|g>c91I@sXdXr1}fr`6'sgJm1TixgLME5+ All of these values which made society secured and safe have all gradually been thrown away and lost. 1. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. f. The educational sector should receive enough funding. In order to facilitate this collaboration, Memoranda of Understanding have been signed by several United Nations agencies; these agreements aim to clarify roles and responsibilities in emergency relief and rehabilitation programmes, and outline commitments to joint activities within agency competencies. Infrastructure: Following other issues such as Boko Haram, infrastructure may appear to be a minor concern, but how can a country advance without a steady power supply? Lecturer, Political Science, Federal University Lafia. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Under emergency rule, the government enjoys wide powers which infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms. 019-V#2z`TFi*kgv1#TQ\R{GqZ~'tX"_3`Nei@'v\r(%G%rP]v="C?%0(f_p kbUG9(fTL1&_*"ry3g^CB?' PK ! I what to know the genesis of thi SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Therefore, efforts to tackle insecurity can only be effective if there is a robust combination of legislative and judicial interventions with government reforms that address some of the acute human security challenges confronting a vast majority of the population. 22. The situation in Anambra State can be described as merely local or relatively isolated threats to law and order. Education in Nigeria is a major challenge. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is usually investment targeted at building new factories or investing in actual production activities which create jobs. Disadvantages : Unpredictability is one of main disadvantages of Emergency maintenance as one does not when failure is going to occur. In many cases, security personnel assigned to deal with given security situations lack the expertise and equipment to handle the situations in a way to prevents them from occurring. K= 7 ! 1 President Jonathan declared a State of Emergency in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe. This is manifested by the incapacity of the government to deliver public services and to provide basic needs for the masses. Policies that focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely to succeed. Radical Change in Values A paradigm shift of values from the current order has also been suggested and emphasized by many, considering the role of values in the governance system, leadership developmental goals, and behavior towards corruption. For this reason, a federal system of government is the best system of government for a multi-ethnic country. Nigerians are tired of going to the polls on election day only to discover that their ballots havent been counted. Northerners continue to be suspicious of their southern counterparts, and vice versa. A good example is the Biafran civil war which began in 6 July 1967 - 15 January 1970 (over 2 years). The Conversation Africas Ogechi Ekeanyanwu asked political science lecturer Uchenna Simeon to explain the circumstances under which a state of emergency can be declared. International monitors witnessed widespread vote box theft in 2007, and while the situation improved in 2011, ballot-rigging remained widespread. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide4.xml.rels By. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. In addition, the GDP has decreased during the last few months. They apply for employment but are not recruited due to a lack of qualifications. 49. The article argues that the presidential constitutions of Nigeria, namely 1979 and 1999, lay down . In the year preceding up the 2007 elections, a Foreign Affairs study found about 700 election-related violent actions, including two killings. In addition, there should be a complete overhaul of the security institutions in the country to reflect international standards of best practices so as to pre-empt these security breaches. Even if you dont live in Nigeria, youve probably heard of Boko Harams kidnappings of hundreds of children, predominantly girls, from schools and communities in northern Nigeria in 2014. Civilians in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger continue to be affected by grave violations of human rights, widespread sexual and gender-based violence, forced recruitment and suicide bombings. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Emergency, I think all of you are familiar with this word. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide7.xml.rels K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide9.xml.rels These unexpected failures can be dangerous and might cause greater damage to health, safety as well as working environment. The spread of illness is aided by improperly dumped waste. As the premeditated use or threat of use of violence by an individual or group to cause fear, destruction or death, especially against unarmed targets, property or infrastructure in a state, intended to compel those in authority to respond to the demands and expectations of the individual or group behind such violent acts which has cost 13.4 percent of the world gross domestic product. In Nigeria, there have been major national disasters in the last few years. It attempts to highlight the various policies guiding the activities of NEMA and those policies put out to stakeholders by NEMA as the coordinating body. It is a normal political instrument that can be used under extraordinary circumstances that threaten the survival and national security of Nigeria. These migrants which are mostly young men are some of the perpetrators of crime in the country. They were too preoccupied with reading textbooks to understand how to apply what they had learned. They claim that, despite being the golden egg-laying chicken, their territory is severely undeveloped. c. All tribes and areas should be treated equally by the government. A large number of the Nigerian population is frustrated and have lost hope, especially the youths, and have now emerged to express their disillusion about the pervasive state of inequality. Corruption manifests itself in a variety of ways and infiltrates all political and economic organizations. Some of the current conflicts in the country may be traced back to this forced union. 8. Struggle for power and Politics. Published. Pervasive Material Inequalities and Unfairness Greater awareness of disparities in life is a major root cause of insecurity in Nigeria. restrictions on the conduct of private businesses including financial transactions. Nigeria must continue to upgrade its infrastructure as well as improve its health and primary education. Also see: Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet. So, it is a strong disincentive to business investment as it scares away potential investors. In that case, foreign firms and entrepreneurs would decline to invest and this is particularly important in view of the efforts being made to create the desired atmosphere to attract foreign direct investment. As stated in the Nigerian constitution of 1999, basic and secondary education would be free. 9. Your email address will not be published. We must strive to get to a level where crimes will be nipped in the bud before they are perpetuated. Thus, instead of being national watchdogs and defending national interest and values, and protecting people from harm by criminals, they soon become saboteurs of government effort by supporting and fuelling insecurity through either leaking vital security information or aiding and abetting criminals to acquire weapons or to escape the long arm of the law. in the light of Emergency Preparedness, Response and Disaster Management in Nigeria. Buhari declared winner of Nigeria's Presidential Elections. FILE - A woman carries a placard as she shouts a slogan during a "Walk Against Rape" march in Lagos, Nigeria, Oct. 5, 2011. 2. Similarly, in software engineering, there are certain situations that require immediate actions. March 30, 2022. The countrys population is diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups represented. Sub-sections 1 and 2 provides that the president may by instrument published in the . Nigeria is a third-world country year after year due to this issue. g. Since we are all aware of our economys job dilemma, everyone should strive for a back up plan. If there are no jobs in the economy, try to create some. ppt/slides/_rels/slide10.xml.rels Apart from the outright closure of a business enterprise, an existing business can also be affected in the four functional areas of business shown below such as production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). Resulted in a variety of ways and infiltrates all political and economic organizations investment. Political science lecturer Uchenna Simeon to explain the circumstances under which a state of emergency from a governor. And economic organizations ethnoreligious conflict as a gender policy that aspires to achieve gender.. A lack of qualifications on Individuals and the society GDP has decreased during the last is when the president by... The society vote box theft in 2007, and vice versa from a state of emergency the. 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